{"id":2952,"date":"2026-09-21T22:53:29","date_gmt":"2026-09-21T20:53:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/lukajka.com\/?p=2952"},"modified":"2026-09-21T22:54:12","modified_gmt":"2026-09-21T20:54:12","slug":"kedy-moze-policia-vypocuvat-zamestnavatela","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/lukajka.com\/en\/kedy-moze-policia-vypocuvat-zamestnavatela\/","title":{"rendered":"Kedy m\u00f4\u017ee pol\u00edcia vypo\u010d\u00fava\u0165 zamestn\u00e1vate\u013ea?"},"content":{"rendered":"
<\/div>\n\n\n\n

Kedy m\u00f4\u017ee pol\u00edcia vypo\u010d\u00fava\u0165 zamestn\u00e1vate\u013ea?<\/h1>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Pol\u00edcia nemus\u00ed pr\u00eds\u0165 k zamestn\u00e1vate\u013eovi a\u017e vtedy, ke\u010f je niekto obvinen\u00fd. Zamestn\u00e1vate\u013ea, \u0161tatut\u00e1ra, mzdov\u00fa \u00fa\u010dtovn\u00ed\u010dku alebo in\u00fa zodpovedn\u00fa osobu m\u00f4\u017ee predvola\u0165 u\u017e pri preverovan\u00ed podozrenia z nevyplatenia mzdy, odstupn\u00e9ho alebo neodvedenia dane a poistn\u00e9ho.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

V praxi sa trestn\u00e9 preverovanie \u010dasto za\u010dne podnetom zamestnanca, Soci\u00e1lnej pois\u0165ovne, zdravotnej pois\u0165ovne, da\u0148ov\u00e9ho \u00faradu alebo zisten\u00edm in\u00e9ho kontroln\u00e9ho org\u00e1nu. Pol\u00edcia n\u00e1sledne zis\u0165uje, \u010do bolo splatn\u00e9, kto rozhodol o pou\u017eit\u00ed pe\u0148az\u00ed a \u010di mala spolo\u010dnos\u0165 v rozhoduj\u00facom \u010dase prostriedky na \u00fahradu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Najprv si ujasnite, v akom postaven\u00ed ste<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Pred v\u00fdsluchom mus\u00ed by\u0165 jasn\u00e9, \u010di osoba vystupuje ako svedok, podozriv\u00fd alebo obvinen\u00fd. Toto rozl\u00ed\u0161enie rozhoduje o rozsahu pr\u00e1v, o mo\u017enosti odoprie\u0165 v\u00fdpove\u010f aj o potrebe okam\u017eitej \u00fa\u010dasti obhajcu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2022 Svedok je povinn\u00fd vypoveda\u0165 pravdu a ni\u010d nezaml\u010da\u0165. Pod\u013ea \u00a7 130 Trestn\u00e9ho poriadku v\u0161ak m\u00f4\u017ee odoprie\u0165 v\u00fdpove\u010f, ak by \u0148ou sp\u00f4sobil nebezpe\u010denstvo trestn\u00e9ho st\u00edhania sebe alebo bl\u00edzkej osobe.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2022 Obvinen\u00fd m\u00e1 pod\u013ea \u00a7 34 Trestn\u00e9ho poriadku pr\u00e1vo nevypoveda\u0165, zvoli\u0165 si obhajcu, radi\u0165 sa s n\u00edm a navrhova\u0165 d\u00f4kazy na svoju obranu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2022 \u0160tatut\u00e1r m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 vypo\u010d\u00favan\u00fd ako fyzick\u00e1 osoba a s\u00fa\u010dasne m\u00f4\u017ee pol\u00edcia preverova\u0165 aj mo\u017en\u00fa trestn\u00fa zodpovednos\u0165 pr\u00e1vnickej osoby. Preto netreba zamie\u0148a\u0165 z\u00e1ujmy spolo\u010dnosti so z\u00e1ujmami konkr\u00e9tneho mana\u017e\u00e9ra.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Predvolanie preto neignorujte, ale ani na\u0148 nereagujte improvizovan\u00fdm vysvetlen\u00edm po telef\u00f3ne. Najprv si vy\u017eiadajte inform\u00e1ciu o veci, procesnom postaven\u00ed a predmete \u00fakonu. N\u00e1sledne zabezpe\u010dte pr\u00e1vnu pomoc a pripravte dokumenty chronologicky.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nevyplatenie mzdy a odstupn\u00e9ho<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

T\u00fdka sa to aj situ\u00e1cii, ke\u010f si zamestnanec n\u00e1rokuje aj mzdu za pr\u00e1cu nad\u010das, hoci ako zamestn\u00e1vate\u013e tvrd\u00edte, \u017ee n\u00e1rok nevznikol (nad\u010das nebol nariaden\u00fd, zamestn\u00e1vate\u013e nedal s\u00fahlas at\u010f.) Trestn\u00fd \u010din nevyplatenia mzdy a odstupn\u00e9ho upravuje \u00a7 214<\/strong> z\u00e1kona \u010d. 300\/2005 Z. z. Trestn\u00fd z\u00e1kon. Riziko vznik\u00e1 najm\u00e4 vtedy, ak osoba konaj\u00faca za zamestn\u00e1vate\u013ea nevyplat\u00ed mzdu, plat, in\u00fa odmenu za pr\u00e1cu, n\u00e1hradu mzdy alebo odstupn\u00e9 v de\u0148 splatnosti, hoci v tento de\u0148 mala pe\u0148a\u017en\u00e9 prostriedky, ktor\u00e9 nevyhnutne nepotrebovala na zabezpe\u010denie \u010dinnosti zamestn\u00e1vate\u013ea.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nesta\u010d\u00ed preto iba tvrdi\u0165, \u017ee spolo\u010dnos\u0165 nemala finan\u010dn\u00e9 probl\u00e9my. Pol\u00edcia bude sk\u00fama\u0165 stav \u00fa\u010dtov, hotovos\u0165, splatnos\u0165 z\u00e1v\u00e4zkov, poradie platieb a d\u00f4vody, pre ktor\u00e9 boli peniaze pou\u017eit\u00e9 na in\u00fd \u00fa\u010del. D\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e9 m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 aj to, kto mal re\u00e1lnu rozhodovaciu pr\u00e1vomoc a kto dal pokyn mzdu neuhradi\u0165.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Skr\u00e1tenie dane a poistn\u00e9ho<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

V danom pr\u00edpade m\u00f4\u017ee \u00eds\u0165 o m\u00e9diami a politikmi \u010dasto ozna\u010dovan\u00fd \u201e\u0161varcsyst\u00e9m\u201c, teda o zastretie z\u00e1vislej pr\u00e1ce obchodnopr\u00e1vnym vz\u0165ahom. Samotn\u00e9 nespr\u00e1vne nastavenie zmluvn\u00e9ho vz\u0165ahu v\u0161ak e\u0161te automaticky neznamen\u00e1 sp\u00e1chanie trestn\u00e9ho \u010dinu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Trestn\u00fd \u010din skr\u00e1tenia dane a poistn\u00e9ho upravuje \u00a7 276<\/strong> z\u00e1kona \u010d. 300\/2005 Z. z. Trestn\u00fd z\u00e1kon. Trestnopr\u00e1vne pos\u00fadenie z\u00e1vis\u00ed najm\u00e4 od toho, \u010di v d\u00f4sledku zastret\u00e9ho pracovnopr\u00e1vneho vz\u0165ahu do\u0161lo k \u00famyseln\u00e9mu skr\u00e1teniu dane alebo poistn\u00e9ho v z\u00e1konom ustanovenom rozsahu. Rozhoduj\u00face bude konkr\u00e9tne konanie zodpovedn\u00fdch os\u00f4b, v\u00fd\u0161ka skr\u00e1tenej dane alebo poistn\u00e9ho, forma zavinenia a dostupn\u00e9 d\u00f4kazy. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Rizikov\u00e9 je najm\u00e4 form\u00e1lne ozna\u010denie vz\u0165ahu za podnikate\u013esk\u00fd, ak osoba v skuto\u010dnosti vykon\u00e1va z\u00e1visl\u00fa pr\u00e1cu osobne, pod\u013ea pokynov zamestn\u00e1vate\u013ea, v jeho mene a vo vz\u0165ahu nadriadenosti a podriadenosti. Pri kontrole sa preto neposudzuje iba obsah zmluvy, ale predov\u0161etk\u00fdm skuto\u010dn\u00fd sp\u00f4sob v\u00fdkonu pr\u00e1ce, faktur\u00e1cia, evidencia doch\u00e1dzky, komunik\u00e1cia, vyd\u00e1vanie pokynov a za\u010dlenenie osoby do organiza\u010dnej \u0161trukt\u00fary spolo\u010dnosti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Medzi \u010fal\u0161ie s\u00favisiace trestn\u00e9 \u010diny patr\u00ed aj neopr\u00e1vnen\u00e9 zamestn\u00e1vanie pod\u013ea \u00a7 251a Trestn\u00e9ho z\u00e1kona<\/strong>. Toto ustanovenie sa v\u0161ak t\u00fdka najm\u00e4 neopr\u00e1vnen\u00e9ho zamestn\u00e1vania os\u00f4b, ktor\u00e9 sa na \u00fazem\u00ed Slovenskej republiky zdr\u017eiavaj\u00fa v rozpore s pr\u00e1vnymi predpismi, nie ka\u017ed\u00e9ho pr\u00edpadu tzv. \u0161varcsyst\u00e9mu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u010co urobi\u0165 pred v\u00fdsluchom?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
    \n
  • Overi\u0165 procesn\u00e9 postavenie vypo\u010d\u00favanej osoby a presn\u00fd predmet konania<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • Nevytv\u00e1ra\u0165 dodato\u010dne dokumenty ani neupravova\u0165 p\u00f4vodn\u00e9 z\u00e1znamy. Zachova\u0165 \u00fa\u010dtovn\u00edctvo, bankov\u00e9 v\u00fdpisy, mzdov\u00e9 podklady, komunik\u00e1ciu a rozhodnutia vedenia<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • Zostavi\u0165 \u010dasov\u00fa os: d\u00e1tum splatnosti, stav finan\u010dn\u00fdch prostriedkov, uskuto\u010dnen\u00e9 platby, rozhoduj\u00face osoby a d\u00f4vody jednotliv\u00fdch rozhodnut\u00ed<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • Oddeli\u0165 pr\u00e1vne zastupovanie spolo\u010dnosti od obhajoby konkr\u00e9tnej osoby, ak m\u00f4\u017eu ma\u0165 rozdielne z\u00e1ujmy<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • Na v\u00fdsluchu odpoveda\u0165 presne, vecne a iba k tomu, \u010do osoba skuto\u010dne vie. Neh\u00e1da\u0165, nedop\u013a\u0148a\u0165 medzery domnienkami a nepodpisova\u0165 z\u00e1pisnicu bez d\u00f4kladnej kontroly<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

    Trestn\u00e9 konanie sa \u010dasto neza\u010d\u00edna dramatickou policajnou akciou. Za\u010d\u00edna jedn\u00fdm predvolan\u00edm a ot\u00e1zkou, pre\u010do boli peniaze pou\u017eit\u00e9 inak. Ke\u010f pr\u00edde predvolanie, prvou \u00falohou nie je pripravi\u0165 pr\u00edbeh. Prvou \u00falohou je chr\u00e1ni\u0165 d\u00f4kazy, zisti\u0165 procesn\u00e9 postavenie a hovori\u0165 iba to, \u010do viete preuk\u00e1za\u0165 resp. \u010do vedia preuk\u00e1za\u0165 \u0161t\u00e1tne org\u00e1ny v\u00e1m.<\/strong><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Kedy m\u00f4\u017ee pol\u00edcia vypo\u010d\u00fava\u0165 zamestn\u00e1vate\u013ea? Pol\u00edcia nemus\u00ed pr\u00eds\u0165 k zamestn\u00e1vate\u013eovi a\u017e vtedy, ke\u010f je niekto obvinen\u00fd. Zamestn\u00e1vate\u013ea, \u0161tatut\u00e1ra, mzdov\u00fa \u00fa\u010dtovn\u00ed\u010dku alebo in\u00fa zodpovedn\u00fa osobu m\u00f4\u017ee predvola\u0165 u\u017e pri preverovan\u00ed podozrenia z nevyplatenia mzdy, odstupn\u00e9ho alebo neodvedenia dane a poistn\u00e9ho. V praxi sa trestn\u00e9 preverovanie \u010dasto za\u010dne podnetom zamestnanca, Soci\u00e1lnej pois\u0165ovne, zdravotnej pois\u0165ovne, da\u0148ov\u00e9ho \u00faradu alebo […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":2953,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"zakra_sidebar_layout":"customizer","zakra_remove_content_margin":false,"zakra_sidebar":"customizer","zakra_transparent_header":"customizer","zakra_logo":0,"zakra_main_header_style":"default","zakra_menu_item_color":"","zakra_menu_item_hover_color":"","zakra_menu_item_active_color":"","zakra_menu_active_style":"","zakra_page_header":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[32],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2952","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog"],"gutentor_comment":0,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/lukajka.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2952","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/lukajka.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/lukajka.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lukajka.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lukajka.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2952"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/lukajka.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2952\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2955,"href":"https:\/\/lukajka.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2952\/revisions\/2955"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lukajka.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2953"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/lukajka.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2952"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lukajka.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2952"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lukajka.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2952"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}